NAIL DISORDERS

Amyloidosis
Tuberous sclerosis
Arsenic poisoning
Lichen planus
Psoriasis
Chronic renal failure
Alopecia areata
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Yellow nails
Peutz Jegher syndrome
Basal cell carcinoma
PYOGENIC GRANULOMA
NAIL PIGMENT DERMOSCOPY
SEMIOLOGICAL PATTERNS
Blood spots
Brown background
Homogeneous greyish lines with grey pigmentation of the background
Micro Hutchinson’s sign
Microscopic longitudinal grooves
Nail apparatus melanoma
Nail apparatus lentigo
Drug induced nail pigmentation
Subungual haemorrhage
Nail patella syndrome
Half & half nails
Half & half nails
Splinter hemorrhage
Glomus tumour
Drug
Epidermolysis bullosa
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
GREEN NAILS
Progeria
Poikiloderma congenitale
Bowen’s disease
Longitudinal ridges
DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA
PACHYDERMOPERIOSTOSIS
INCONTINENTIA PIGMENTI
PRP.
Pachyonychia congenita
Ectodermal dysplasia
DISEASES OF THE NAILS
NAIL DISORDERS
NAIL’S COLOUR ABNORMALITIES
Genetic disorders
Congenital (detected at birth)
Disorders limited to nails
anonychia : absent nails
anonychia : absent nails
koilonychia (spoon nails) : concave nails
micronychia : small nails
polyonychia : more than one nail on a digit
racket nails
As a part of a syndrome
focal dermal hypoplasia
Heriditary (develop after birth)
Darier disease
Acrodermatitis enteropathica
Nail disorders due to infection
Fungal : dermatophytes & candida
Bacterial
Mixed bacterial & fungal
Viral
Paronychia : nail fold infection
Tumours of the nails (subungual)
Benign
periungual fibroma (tuberous sclerosis)
Keratoacanthoma
Malignant
Acral lentiginous melanoma
Nail changes as a part of skin disease
C.T. diseases
Chronic allergic c.d. & atopic eczema
Ageing changes of the nails
Nail changes as a part of systemic disease
Mees lines (discolouration)
Affection of the nail bed
splinter hge.
Muehrcke lines
Affection of the nail matrix (blue or red lunula)
Affection of the nail plate & matrix
Thyroid diseases
Nail changes due to chemical or mechanical trauma
PITYRIASIS RUBRA PILARIS
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
LIVER CIRRHOSIS
CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASES
ONYCHOPHAGY (NAIL BITTING )
Clubbing of the nails
Lateral over
curvature
Longitudinal over
Brachyonychia (Racket nails)
Hapalonychia
Twenty nail dystrophy
Trachionychia
Pincer nails
Koilonychia (spoon nails)
Pterygium (wing like)
Pterygium inversus unguis
Median canaliform dystrophy
Beau’s lines : transverse grooves
Onychogryphosis (claw nails)
Onychoatrophy (underdeveloped nails)
Onycholysis (nail separation from the bed)
Onychodystrophy (thickened nails)
Onychomadesis (nail loss)
Onychorrhexis (brittle nails)
Onychoschizia (nail splitting)
Onychoauxis
Onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail)
Horizontal (transverse) ridges
Leukonychia ( white nails )
Mees lines
Black or dark nails (melanonychia)
Blue/ Grey nails
Red / Purple nails
Terry’s nails
Splinter hemorrhage (linear hemorrhage)
Quitter’s (smoker’s) nails
DERMOSCOPY EQUIPMENT
Brown
longitudinal parallel lines with regular coloration
spacing and thickness and absence of parallelism disruption
Longitudinal
brown to black lines with irregular thickness
spacing or coloration and parallelism disruption
induced nail pigmentation